{"id":9800,"date":"2023-02-25T15:15:32","date_gmt":"2023-02-25T06:15:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jerusalemmother.com\/science-maternity\/"},"modified":"2025-12-02T14:33:22","modified_gmt":"2025-12-02T05:33:22","slug":"science-maternity","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jerusalemmother.com\/cs\/science-maternity\/","title":{"rendered":"\u201eByl jsem v m\u00e9 m\u00e1m\u011b\u201c"},"content":{"rendered":"

D\u011bti n\u011bkdy \u017eertem \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed: \u201eMysl\u00edm, \u017ee moje m\u00e1ma je bohyn\u011b. I kdy\u017e jsem to ud\u011blal tajn\u011b, n\u011bjak v\u00ed, \u017ee jsem to byl j\u00e1.\u201c \u201eNejen\u017ee v\u00ed, kdy jsem radostn\u00fd a \u0161\u0165astn\u00fd, ale tak\u00e9 v\u00ed, kdy jsem nemocn\u00fd, osam\u011bl\u00fd a smutn\u00fd. Je to, jako by m\u011b znala v\u00edc, ne\u017e j\u00e1 s\u00e1m sebe.\u201c To nen\u00ed v\u0161echno. Dokonce br\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u00e9 d\u011bti navzdory hrozb\u011b smrti.<\/p>\n

Nemus\u00edme snad zmi\u0148ovat p\u0159\u00edpad 27t\u00fddenn\u00edho p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u011b narozen\u00e9ho d\u00edt\u011bte, kter\u00e9 se vr\u00e1tilo k \u017eivotu pouh\u00fdm dvouhodinov\u00fdm dr\u017een\u00edm matky, aby se uk\u00e1zal z\u00e1zrak matek, kter\u00e9 zachr\u00e1nily sv\u00e9 d\u011bti na pokraji smrti. Matky se ni\u010deho neboj\u00ed a pro sv\u00e9 d\u011bti dok\u00e1\u017eou cokoli. Lid\u00e9 tomu \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed \u201emate\u0159stv\u00ed\u201c. Mate\u0159sk\u00e1 l\u00e1ska, kter\u00e1 je jako superschopnost tryskaj\u00edc\u00ed z k\u0159ehk\u00e9ho t\u011bla. Odkud se v\u016fbec bere ta z\u00e1hadn\u00e1 s\u00edla?<\/p>\n

Mozek matky, kter\u00e1 se ztoto\u017e\u0148uje se sv\u00fdm d\u00edt\u011btem<\/h2>\n

Aby se na v\u00fd\u0161e uvedenou ot\u00e1zku odpov\u011bd\u011blo, byl v kv\u011btnu 2011 poprv\u00e9 proveden experiment t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se mate\u0159sk\u00e9 l\u00e1sky, kter\u00fd byl vys\u00edl\u00e1n prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edho kan\u00e1lu. Experiment\u00e1ln\u00ed metoda, veden\u00e1 v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdm t\u00fdmem psychologie na Korejsk\u00e9 univerzit\u011b, je skenov\u00e1n\u00ed mozku pomoc\u00ed \u201efunk\u010dn\u00ed magnetick\u00e9 rezonance (fMRI)\u201c.<\/p>\n

Celkem se tohoto experimentu z\u00fa\u010dastnilo 22 matek s d\u011btmi na druh\u00e9m stupni z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u0161koly a jeden\u00e1ct bylo Korejek a dal\u0161\u00edch jeden\u00e1ct Ameri\u010danek. Test trval 10 minut a bylo p\u0159edlo\u017eeno 150 p\u0159\u00eddavn\u00fdch jmen popisuj\u00edc\u00edch osobnost a emoce. Matky m\u011bly vybrat slovo, kter\u00e9 je podle nich v\u00fdsti\u017en\u00e9, a stisknout tla\u010d\u00edtko. M\u011bly tak\u00e9 stisknout tla\u010d\u00edtko, kdy\u017e si myslely, \u017ee slovo o jej\u00edm d\u00edt\u011bti odpov\u00edd\u00e1 jeho osobnosti. Stejn\u00e1 metoda byla pou\u017eita p\u0159i posuzov\u00e1n\u00ed informac\u00ed o ostatn\u00edch.<\/p>\n

Tento experiment ukazuje, jak se li\u0161\u00ed mozek matky, kdy\u017e hodnot\u00ed sebe, ostatn\u00ed a sv\u00e9 d\u011bti. V lidsk\u00e9m mozku se p\u0159i posuzov\u00e1n\u00ed informac\u00ed o sob\u011b aktivuje medi\u00e1ln\u00ed prefront\u00e1ln\u00ed k\u016fra (Medial Prefrontal Cortex). Tato \u010d\u00e1st mozku se pod\u00edl\u00ed na zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed soci\u00e1ln\u00edch informac\u00ed a je to oblast, kter\u00e1 se prim\u00e1rn\u011b aktivuje, kdy\u017e \u010dlov\u011bk p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161l\u00ed o sob\u011b. Naopak, kdy\u017e posuzujeme informace o druh\u00fdch, aktivuje se dorz\u00e1ln\u00ed medi\u00e1ln\u00ed prefront\u00e1ln\u00ed k\u016fra (Dorsal Medial Prefrontal Cortex).<\/p>\n

B\u011bhem experimentu byla mozkov\u00e1 aktivita z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00fdch matek viditeln\u00e1 pomoc\u00ed skenov\u00e1n\u00ed mozku. Zaprv\u00e9, kdy\u017e matky posuzovaly slova o sob\u011b, aktivovala se medi\u00e1ln\u00ed prefront\u00e1ln\u00ed k\u016fra, oblast zapojen\u00e1 do posuzov\u00e1n\u00ed informac\u00ed o sob\u011b sam\u00fdch. A jak se dalo o\u010dek\u00e1vat, p\u0159i v\u00fdb\u011bru slov, o kter\u00fdch si myslely, \u017ee popisuj\u00ed ostatn\u00ed, byl aktivn\u00ed dorz\u00e1ln\u00ed medi\u00e1ln\u00ed prefront\u00e1ln\u00ed kortex.<\/p>\n

Jak vlastn\u011b mozek matky vn\u00edm\u00e1 d\u00edt\u011b, kter\u00e9 nen\u00ed ani ona sama, ani n\u011bkdo ciz\u00ed? Experiment\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdsledky p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b uk\u00e1zaly, \u017ee kdy\u017e matky posuzovaly informace o sv\u00fdch d\u011btech, aktivovala se oblast mozku zodpov\u011bdn\u00e1 za sebehodnocen\u00ed, medi\u00e1ln\u00ed prefront\u00e1ln\u00ed kortex, kter\u00fd se aktivuje p\u0159i p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161len\u00ed o sob\u011b sam\u00e9m. Tyto v\u00fdsledky byly shodn\u00e9 u korejsk\u00fdch i americk\u00fdch matek, kter\u00e9 se experimentu z\u00fa\u010dastnily.<\/p>\n

Co n\u00e1m \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed v\u00fdsledky t\u011bchto mate\u0159sk\u00fdch experiment\u016f? V\u00fdsledky experiment\u016f jasn\u011b ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee mozek matky rozpozn\u00e1v\u00e1 sebe a sv\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b jako identick\u00e9 bytosti. Matka tedy d\u00edt\u011b vn\u00edm\u00e1 jako sv\u00e9 druh\u00e9 j\u00e1, jako \u201e\u010d\u00e1st sebe\u201c, a tento obraz se j\u00ed hluboce vryl do mysli.<\/p>\n

Na z\u00e1klad\u011b v\u00fdsledk\u016f experimentu psychologi\u010dt\u00ed odborn\u00edci uvedli: \u201eV mozku matky do\u0161lo k jevu identifikace, p\u0159i n\u011bm\u017e matka vn\u00edm\u00e1 sv\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b jako toto\u017en\u00e9 se sebou,\u201c a dodali: \u201eTendence v\u0161ech matek na sv\u011bt\u011b obecn\u011b pova\u017eovat sv\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b za \u010d\u00e1st sebe sam\u00e9 je stejn\u00e1. To ukazuje, \u017ee mate\u0159sk\u00fd instinkt existuje biologicky.\u201c Ve vys\u00edlan\u00e9m po\u0159adu dosp\u011bli k z\u00e1v\u011bru, \u017ee jeliko\u017e matky pova\u017euj\u00ed sv\u00e9 d\u011bti za sebe sam\u00e9, mohou ke sv\u00fdm d\u011btem m\u00edt bezmeznou l\u00e1sku\u2014l\u00e1sku, kter\u00e1 p\u0159ehl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed i smrt.<\/p>\n

Pro\u010d tedy mozek matky vn\u00edm\u00e1 sebe a sv\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b jako tut\u00e9\u017e bytost? Nejsou matky a d\u011bti p\u0159irozen\u011b spojeny neviditeln\u00fdm, neodd\u011bliteln\u00fdm poutem? P\u0159i pohledu na v\u00fdsledky v\u00fdzkumu publikovan\u00e9m v\u011bdci je to jist\u011b pravda.<\/p>\n

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\n <\/picture>
Obr\u00e1zek 1: Aktivovan\u00e1 oblast mozku, kdy\u017e matka soud\u00ed sama sebe (medi\u00e1ln\u00ed prefront\u00e1ln\u00ed kortex, zbarven\u00fd \u017elut\u011b). Aktivovan\u00e1 oblast mozku, kdy\u017e matka soud\u00ed ostatn\u00ed (dorz\u00e1ln\u00ed medi\u00e1ln\u00ed prefront\u00e1ln\u00ed kortex, zbarven\u00fd mod\u0159e).<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\n <\/picture>
Obr\u00e1zek 2: Oblasti mozku aktivovan\u00e9, kdy\u017e matky soud\u00ed sebe a sv\u00e9 d\u011bti (stejn\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti) Dokument EBS TV, \u0160ok matky 2. \u010d\u00e1st: V mat\u010din\u011b mozku je d\u00edt\u011b , 31. kv\u011btna 2011<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Mikrochimerismus: Pouto, kter\u00e9 spojuje matku a d\u00edt\u011b<\/h2>\n

Podle v\u00fdzkumu v\u011bdc\u016f jsou matky a d\u011bti neodd\u011bliteln\u011b spjaty z\u00e1hadn\u00fdm mechanismem zvan\u00fdm \u201emikrochimerismus\u201c.<\/p>\n

\u201eMikro\u201c znamen\u00e1 \u201emal\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed\u201c. \u201eChimerismus\u201c znamen\u00e1 \u201eslo\u017een\u00fd z n\u011bkolika \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu\u201c a jedn\u00e1 se o slovo odvozen\u00e9 od slova \u201echim\u00e9ra\u201c1<\/sup>. U v\u0161ech savc\u016f doch\u00e1z\u00ed b\u011bhem t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed k vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9 v\u00fdm\u011bn\u011b gen\u016f a bun\u011bk mezi plodem a matkou. Mikrochimerismus je p\u0159\u00edtomnost mal\u00e9ho po\u010dtu bun\u011bk, kter\u00e9 poch\u00e1zej\u00ed od jin\u00e9ho jedince, a jsou proto geneticky odli\u0161n\u00e9 od bun\u011bk hostitelsk\u00e9ho jedince.<\/p>\n

\n1. Term\u00edn chim\u00e9ra<\/i> poch\u00e1z\u00ed z \u0159eck\u00e9 mytologie, kde se jednalo o tvora s hlavou lva, t\u011blem kozy a ocasem hada. (Slovn\u00edk zdrav\u00e9ho rozumu, vydan\u00fd Parkmungakem, 2013)\n<\/div>\n

Tot\u00e9\u017e plat\u00ed pro lidi. V\u0161ichni lid\u00e9 v sob\u011b maj\u00ed bu\u0148ky sv\u00fdch matek, kter\u00e9 z\u00edskali z doby, kdy byli v mat\u010din\u011b d\u011bloze. Asi p\u0159ed 60 lety v\u011bdci objevili mate\u0159sk\u00fd mikrochimerismus<\/i>, co\u017e je fenom\u00e9n, kdy se mat\u010diny bu\u0148ky uchyt\u00ed uvnit\u0159 plodu.<\/p>\n

Jedna zpr\u00e1va z t\u00e9 doby zjistila, \u017ee bu\u0148ky rakoviny k\u016f\u017ee matky mohly proniknout do placenty a plodu. Pozd\u011bji biologov\u00e9 za\u010dali rozpozn\u00e1vat, \u017ee norm\u00e1ln\u00ed mate\u0159sk\u00e9 krevn\u00ed bu\u0148ky mohou vstoupit do plodu. Imunolog J. Lee Nelson spolu s n\u011bkter\u00fdmi sv\u00fdmi kolegy z Centra pro v\u00fdzkum rakoviny Freda Hudchinsona v americk\u00e9m Seattlu provedl krevn\u00ed test 32 zdrav\u00fdch \u017een a zjistil, \u017ee 7 z nich m\u011blo b\u00edl\u00e9 krvinky sv\u00fdch matek.<\/p>\n

Je tedy mo\u017en\u00e9, aby plod sd\u00edlel bu\u0148ky s matkou? Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b. B\u011bhem t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed doch\u00e1z\u00ed mezi matkou a plodem k obousm\u011brn\u00e9 v\u00fdm\u011bn\u011b bun\u011bk.<\/p>\n

V\u011bdci zjistili, \u017ee matky, kter\u00e9 ot\u011bhotn\u011bly, maj\u00ed v sob\u011b bu\u0148ky sv\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed. P\u0159enos bun\u011bk z plodu, naz\u00fdvan\u00fd mikrochimerismus fet\u00e1ln\u00edch bun\u011bk, byl objeven v roce 1893 n\u011bmeck\u00fdm patologem, kter\u00fd nalezl bu\u0148ky plodu v plic\u00edch matek, je\u017e zem\u0159ely na vysok\u00fd krevn\u00ed tlak b\u011bhem t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed. Pozd\u011bji Leonard A. Herzenberg a jeho kolegov\u00e9 z l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9ho odd\u011blen\u00ed Stanfordovy univerzity objevili v krevn\u00edch bu\u0148k\u00e1ch \u017een, kter\u00e9 \u010dekaly syny, chromozom Y, kter\u00fd ur\u010duje, \u017ee plod je mu\u017esk\u00e9ho pohlav\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee \u017eeny maj\u00ed dva chromozomy X, bylo jasn\u00e9, \u017ee bu\u0148ky poch\u00e1zej\u00ed z plodu b\u011bhem t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed. Diana W. Bianchi, geneti\u010dka z Tufts Medical Center, tak\u00e9 nalezla mu\u017eskou DNA u \u017een, kter\u00e9 p\u0159ed des\u00edtkami let porodily chlapce.<\/p>\n

Podle v\u00fdzkumu v\u011bdc\u016f byly mikrochimerick\u00e9 bu\u0148ky mezi matkou a plodem nalezeny v r\u016fzn\u00fdch lidsk\u00fdch tk\u00e1n\u00edch, v\u010detn\u011b srdce, jater, plic, ledvin, kostn\u00ed d\u0159en\u011b, k\u016f\u017ee, krve a \u0161t\u00edtn\u00e9 \u017el\u00e1zy. V\u011bdci vysv\u011btluj\u00ed, \u017ee chromozom Y, kter\u00fd se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v krvi matky, poch\u00e1z\u00ed z mu\u017esk\u00e9ho plodu b\u011bhem t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed. DNA plodu se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v krvi 80 a\u017e 90% t\u011bhotn\u00fdch \u017een, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee fet\u00e1ln\u00ed bu\u0148ky pro\u0161ly placentou a vstoupily do t\u011bla matky, kdy\u017e bylo d\u00edt\u011b v d\u011bloze.<\/p>\n

Skute\u010dnost, \u017ee se chromozom Y nach\u00e1z\u00ed v t\u011ble \u017eeny, v\u0161ak neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee si matka vym\u011b\u0148uje bu\u0148ky pouze se sv\u00fdm synem. Proto\u017ee matky i dcery maj\u00ed pouze chromozomy X, je obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 naj\u00edt stopy dcery v t\u011ble matky. V\u011bdci ale tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee je jasn\u00e9, \u017ee dcery, stejn\u011b jako synov\u00e9, zanech\u00e1vaj\u00ed stopy po cel\u00e9m t\u011ble sv\u00fdch matek.<\/p>\n

\n \n \n <\/picture>
\n Mikrochimerick\u00e9 bu\u0148ky mezi matkou a plodem se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed v mnoha \u010d\u00e1stech jejich t\u011bl. (\u010c\u00e1st, kde se mikrochimerick\u00e9 bu\u0148ky usazuj\u00ed mezi matkou a plodem) J. Lee Nelson, Tvoje bu\u0148ky jsou m\u00e9 bu\u0148ky<\/i> , Scientific American, \u00fanor 2008\n <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Bu\u0148ky d\u011bt\u00ed \u017eij\u00edc\u00edch v jejich matk\u00e1ch<\/h2>\n

Jakou roli budou hr\u00e1t v t\u011ble matky bu\u0148ky d\u00edt\u011bte, kter\u00e9 se v t\u011ble matky uchytily pomoc\u00ed mikrochimerismu? Bu\u0148ky, kter\u00e9 jsou p\u0159eneseny do jin\u00fdch bun\u011bk transplantac\u00ed d\u0159en\u011b nebo transfuz\u00ed, obecn\u011b zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed vedlej\u0161\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinky v d\u016fsledku odm\u00edtnut\u00ed imunitn\u00edm syst\u00e9mem nebo b\u011bhem ur\u010dit\u00e9 doby miz\u00ed, proto\u017ee jsou napadeny obrann\u00fdm mechanismem imunitn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n

Bu\u0148ky vytvo\u0159en\u00e9 mikrochimerismem mezi matkou a plodem v\u0161ak maj\u00ed tu vlastnost, \u017ee se mohou d\u00e1le d\u011blit a r\u016fst a\u017e n\u011bkolik desetilet\u00ed. Mikrochimerick\u00e9 bu\u0148ky byly nalezeny v mate\u0159sk\u00e9 krvi v\u00edce ne\u017e 25 let po narozen\u00ed a v n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech v jatern\u00ed tk\u00e1ni a\u017e 20 let po narozen\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Mikrochimerick\u00e9 bu\u0148ky, kter\u00e9 z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed po narozen\u00ed, se pod\u00edlej\u00ed na imunit\u011b matky nebo plodu. I kdy\u017e to m\u00e1 i negativn\u00ed aspekty, nap\u0159\u00edklad n\u011bkdy zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, je obecn\u011b zn\u00e1mo, \u017ee bu\u0148ky plodu, kter\u00e9 se dostanou do t\u011bla matky, se dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed do poran\u011bn\u00e9 oblasti mat\u010dina t\u011bla a hraj\u00ed roli v regeneraci tk\u00e1n\u011b.<\/p>\n

\u0158\u00edk\u00e1 se, \u017ee bu\u0148ky plodu funguj\u00ed jako prekurzorov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky (kmenov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky, kter\u00e9 se vyvinuly do st\u00e1dia, kdy se zav\u00e1zaly k tvorb\u011b ur\u010dit\u00e9ho druhu nov\u00fdch krevn\u00edch bun\u011bk) v procesu regenerace tk\u00e1n\u00ed a pom\u00e1haj\u00ed t\u011blu matky. Ve skute\u010dnosti bylo prok\u00e1z\u00e1no, \u017ee bu\u0148ky plodu hraj\u00ed v\u00fdznamnou roli ve zlep\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo zm\u00edr\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed rakoviny prsu a revmatoidn\u00ed artritidy u matky. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed v\u011bdci dokonce tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee d\u016fvodem, pro\u010d \u017eeny \u017eij\u00ed d\u00e9le ne\u017e mu\u017ei, jsou \u010derstv\u00e9 bu\u0148ky, kter\u00e9 z\u00edskaly z plodu.<\/p>\n

Fet\u00e1ln\u00ed bu\u0148ky zaveden\u00e9 do t\u011bla matky tak\u00e9 v\u00fdrazn\u011b pom\u00e1haj\u00ed p\u0159i obnov\u011b po\u0161kozen\u00ed srdce matky. Dr. Hina Chaudhry a jej\u00ed t\u00fdm v Mount Sinai Medical Center v New Yorku v USA se zam\u011b\u0159ili na skute\u010dnost, \u017ee t\u011bhotn\u00e9 \u017eeny se zotavuj\u00ed z kardiomyopatie nebo infarktu rychleji ne\u017e b\u011b\u017en\u00e1 populace, a zkoumali, zda by fet\u00e1ln\u00ed bu\u0148ky mohly pomoci s opravou po\u0161kozen\u00ed srdce u \u017een.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdsledky v\u00fdzkumu publikovan\u00e9m v listopadu 2011 v \u010dasopise American Heart Association (AHA) odhalily, \u017ee kdy\u017e my\u0161 ot\u011bhotn\u00ed, fet\u00e1ln\u00ed bu\u0148ky vstupuj\u00ed do srdce matky a st\u00e1vaj\u00ed se nov\u00fdmi kardiomyocyty, kter\u00e9 pom\u00e1haj\u00ed opravit po\u0161kozen\u00ed srdce. Dr. Choudhry, kter\u00fd tyto v\u011bdeck\u00e9 poznatky objevil, \u0159ekl: \u201eFet\u00e1ln\u00ed bu\u0148ky, kter\u00e9 vstoup\u00ed do mozku matky, se tak\u00e9 vyvinou v nervov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky\u201c a \u201eJe jist\u00e9, \u017ee fet\u00e1ln\u00ed bu\u0148ky chr\u00e1n\u00ed mozek matky p\u0159ed nemocemi.\u201c<\/p>\n

Matka \u017eije cel\u00fd \u017eivot se sv\u00fdmi d\u011btmi v hlav\u011b<\/h2>\n

V\u011bdci se v\u0161ak a\u017e doned\u00e1vna domn\u00edvali, \u017ee i kdy\u017e u lid\u00ed doch\u00e1z\u00ed k mikrochimerismu, fet\u00e1ln\u00ed bu\u0148ky se uchycuj\u00ed v cel\u00e9m t\u011ble matky krom\u011b mozku. Mikrochimerismus mezi matkou a plodem byl v lidsk\u00e9m mozku pova\u017eov\u00e1n za nemo\u017en\u00fd. D\u016fvodem je \u201ehematoencefalick\u00e1 bari\u00e9ra\u201c.<\/p>\n

Ka\u017ed\u00fd m\u00e1 v mozku hematoencefalickou bari\u00e9ru. Jak n\u00e1zev napov\u00edd\u00e1, jedn\u00e1 se o bari\u00e9ru mezi krv\u00ed a tekutinou, kter\u00e1 obklopuje mozek a chr\u00e1n\u00ed ho p\u0159ed jak\u00fdmikoli vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi p\u0159edm\u011bty, kter\u00e9 se do n\u011bj pokou\u0161ej\u00ed vniknout. Jin\u00fdmi slovy, zcela blokuje vstup \u0161kodliv\u00fdch l\u00e1tek, v\u010detn\u011b l\u00e9k\u016f a patogen\u016f, do centr\u00e1ln\u00edho nervov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu mozku skrze krev. V\u011bdci se domn\u00edvaj\u00ed, \u017ee tato hematoencefalick\u00e1 bari\u00e9ra br\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bn\u011b bun\u011bk mezi matkou a plodem, a tak neponech\u00e1v\u00e1 bu\u0148k\u00e1m d\u00edt\u011bte prostor pro vstup do mat\u010dina mozku.<\/p>\n

V\u011bdci v\u0161ak v mozc\u00edch samic laboratorn\u00edch my\u0161\u00ed na\u0161li bu\u0148ky s chromozomy Y. Chromozom Y nalezen\u00fd u samic byl jednozna\u010dn\u011b bu\u0148kou z\u00edskanou z mu\u017esk\u00e9ho plodu b\u011bhem t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed. V\u011bdci z Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center zah\u00e1jili sv\u016fj v\u00fdzkum s n\u011bkolika ot\u00e1zkami na mysli, v\u010detn\u011b toho, zda by se fet\u00e1ln\u00ed bu\u0148ky mohly dostat do mozku matky, a pokud ano, jak by p\u0159ekro\u010dily hematoencefalickou bari\u00e9ru. A v\u00fdsledky sv\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumu ozn\u00e1mili 26. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2012 v mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm akademick\u00e9m \u010dasopise PLOS ONE. Z\u00e1v\u011br byl, \u017ee chromozomy Y se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed v mnoha oblastech mozku \u017een, kter\u00e9 pro\u017eily t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed. Tato studie je prvn\u00ed, kter\u00e1 nalezla mu\u017eskou DNA v mozku \u017eeny.<\/p>\n

T\u00fdm Dr. Williama FN Chana z Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center z\u00edskal mozkovou tk\u00e1\u0148 od 59 \u017een, kter\u00e9 zem\u0159ely ve v\u011bku 32 a\u017e 101 let, a vy\u0161et\u0159il je na p\u0159\u00edtomnost chromozomu Y. Testy na\u0161ly chromozom Y v 63 % \u017eensk\u00e9 mozkov\u00e9 tk\u00e1n\u011b, tedy ve dvou t\u0159etin\u00e1ch vzork\u016f. V\u00fdzkumn\u00fd t\u00fdm odhalil, \u017ee tento chromozom Y byl p\u0159ed\u00e1n z plodu b\u011bhem t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed. Dr. Chan v tiskov\u00e9 zpr\u00e1v\u011b vysv\u011btlil: \u201eKdy\u017e \u017eena ot\u011bhotn\u00ed, hematoencefalick\u00e1 bari\u00e9ra se zm\u011bn\u00ed, co\u017e umo\u017en\u00ed tk\u00e1ni mu\u017esk\u00e9ho plodu snadn\u00fd vstup do mozku. Tato studie prok\u00e1zala, \u017ee k tomuto typu mikrochimerismu doch\u00e1z\u00ed.\u201c<\/p>\n

V\u00fdzkumn\u00fd t\u00fdm tak\u00e9 uvedl, \u017ee stejn\u011b jako fet\u00e1ln\u00ed bu\u0148ky pomohly zlep\u0161it pr\u016fb\u011bh l\u00e9\u010dby mat\u010diny nemoci, fet\u00e1ln\u00ed bu\u0148ky, kter\u00e9 vstoupily do r\u016fzn\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed mat\u010dina mozku, tak\u00e9 v\u00fdznamn\u011b pomohly zm\u00edrnit n\u00e1stup Alzheimerovy choroby neboli demence. Bylo zji\u0161t\u011bno, \u017ee \u017eeny s demenc\u00ed maj\u00ed m\u00e9n\u011b fet\u00e1ln\u00edch gen\u016f ne\u017e \u017eeny bez demence, co\u017e nazna\u010duje, \u017ee chromozom Y neboli fet\u00e1ln\u00ed bu\u0148ky mohly hr\u00e1t roli v ochran\u011b mozku matky p\u0159ed onemocn\u011bn\u00edm.<\/p>\n

Krom\u011b toho bylo zji\u0161t\u011bno, \u017ee fet\u00e1ln\u00ed bu\u0148ky, kter\u00e9 pronikly hematoencefalickou bari\u00e9rou matky a uchytily se, neum\u0159ely a \u017eily v mozku matky po zna\u010dnou dobu. Nejstar\u0161\u00ed \u017een\u011b v t\u00e9to studii, u kter\u00e9 byl nalezen chromozom Y, bylo 94 let. To nazna\u010duje, \u017ee fet\u00e1ln\u00ed bu\u0148ky st\u00e1le existuj\u00ed v mozku matky i desetilet\u00ed po t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed a porodu. Koneckonc\u016f, matky nos\u00ed sv\u00e9 d\u011bti v hlav\u011b cel\u00fd \u017eivot.<\/p>\n

Matka, bytost naprogramovan\u00e1 v\u00fdhradn\u011b pro \u017eivot sv\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed<\/h2>\n

Mnoho v\u011bdc\u016f se shoduje na tom, \u017ee \u017eeny se po mate\u0159stv\u00ed stanou \u00fapln\u011b jin\u00fdmi lidmi. Kdy\u017e \u017eena porod\u00ed d\u00edt\u011b, jej\u00ed t\u011blo se prom\u011bn\u00ed v siln\u00e9ho bojovn\u00edka, jako by byla and\u011blem str\u00e1\u017en\u00fdm, kter\u00fd existuje pro sv\u00e9 d\u011bti. Odborn\u00edci se domn\u00edvaj\u00ed, \u017ee bu\u0148ky d\u00edt\u011bte, kter\u00e9 vstoup\u00ed do t\u011bla matky a zako\u0159en\u00ed se, hraj\u00ed specifickou roli v prom\u011bn\u011b matky v bojovnici jako Wonder Woman.<\/p>\n

Psychologov\u00e9 tak\u00e9 vysv\u011btluj\u00ed, \u017ee \u201efet\u00e1ln\u00ed bu\u0148ky, kter\u00e9 se dostanou do krevn\u00edho ob\u011bhu matky, putuj\u00ed do specifick\u00fdch oblast\u00ed mozku a vyvol\u00e1vaj\u00ed ochranitelsk\u00fd postoj v\u016f\u010di d\u00edt\u011bti.\u201c<\/p>\n

Mate\u0159stv\u00ed probouz\u00ed mate\u0159sk\u00fd instinkt.<\/p>\n

Od okam\u017eiku, kdy matka porod\u00ed d\u00edt\u011b, vynakl\u00e1d\u00e1 ve\u0161ker\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed, aby zajistila \u017eivot a blaho sv\u00e9ho d\u00edt\u011bte, jako by byla bytost\u00ed, kter\u00e1 \u017eije v\u00fdhradn\u011b pro sv\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b. Zcela ignoruje ve\u0161kerou bolest a zran\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e1 p\u0159i tom utrp\u00ed. Pokud jde o jejich d\u011bti, ml\u010dky sn\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed jakoukoli bolest a ob\u011b\u0165, a dokonce se bez v\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed vzdaj\u00ed i sv\u00e9ho \u017eivota. Takov\u00e1 extr\u00e9mn\u00ed ob\u011b\u0165 a l\u00e1ska je mo\u017en\u00e1, proto\u017ee je matkou.<\/p>\n

B\u016fh ur\u010dil, \u017ee d\u00edt\u011b by m\u011blo z\u016fstat v t\u011ble sv\u00e9 matky dev\u011bt m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f a \u017ee b\u011bhem t\u00e9to doby zanech\u00e1 sv\u00e9 bu\u0148ky v mnoha r\u016fzn\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stech mat\u010dina t\u011bla, v\u010detn\u011b jej\u00edho mozku. T\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem jsou matky naprogramov\u00e1ny k tomu, aby nosily fet\u00e1ln\u00ed bu\u0148ky ve sv\u00e9m t\u011ble a mozku po cel\u00fd \u017eivot, v\u011bnovaly se sv\u00fdm d\u011btem a dokonce za n\u011b ob\u011btovaly i sv\u00e9 \u017eivoty.<\/p>\n

T\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem se matky st\u00e1vaj\u00ed bytostmi, kter\u00e9 se staraj\u00ed o sv\u00e9 d\u011bti a chr\u00e1n\u00ed jejich \u017eivoty pouze s up\u0159\u00edmnost\u00ed, l\u00e1skou a ob\u011bt\u00ed a\u017e do konce sv\u00e9ho \u017eivota.<\/p>\n

\n\u201eVelice rozmno\u017e\u00edm tv\u00e9 tr\u00e1pen\u00ed i bolesti t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed, syny bude\u0161 rodit v utrpen\u00ed . . .\u201c\nGn 3,16<\/small>\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\nEva . . . proto\u017ee se stala matkou v\u0161ech \u017eiv\u00fdch.\nGn 3,20<\/small>\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Matka je bytost vyvolen\u00e1 k tomu, aby nosila sv\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b po dlouhou dobu dev\u00edti m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f, rodila ho v krut\u00e9 bolesti a \u017eila jen proto, aby ochr\u00e1nila \u017eivot sv\u00e9ho d\u00edt\u011bte. Pot\u00e9, co jsme odhalili tajemstv\u00ed mate\u0159stv\u00ed a mate\u0159sk\u00e9 l\u00e1sky, kter\u00e1 \u017een\u011b umo\u017e\u0148uje dobrovoln\u011b se vzd\u00e1t i vlastn\u00edho \u017eivota pro blaho sv\u00e9ho d\u00edt\u011bte, jsme zjistili, \u017ee na\u0161e matky n\u00e1s maj\u00ed v ka\u017ed\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti sv\u00e9ho t\u011bla. Maj\u00ed n\u00e1s v hlav\u011b cel\u00fd sv\u016fj \u017eivot.<\/p>\n

\n
Reference<\/dt>\n
Dokument EBS TV, \u0160ok matky 2. \u010d\u00e1st: V mat\u010din\u011b mozku je d\u00edt\u011b<\/i> , 31. kv\u011btna 2011<\/dd>\n
J. Lee Nelson, Tvoje bu\u0148ky jsou m\u00e9 bu\u0148ky<\/i> , Scientific American, \u00fanor 2008, s. 72\u201379<\/dd>\n
Tiskov\u00e1 zpr\u00e1va Centra pro v\u00fdzkum rakoviny Freda Hutchinsona s n\u00e1zvem Men on the Mind: Studie na\u0161la mu\u017eskou DNA v mozku \u017een<\/i> , 26. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2012<\/dd>\n
William FN Chan, Mu\u017esk\u00fd mikrochimerismus v lidsk\u00e9m \u017eensk\u00e9m mozku<\/i> , PLOS ONE, 26. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2012<\/dd>\n
Medical News Today, \u017densk\u00fd mozek obsahuje mu\u017eskou DNA<\/i> , 27. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2012<\/dd>\n
Lee Yeong-wan, V mat\u010din\u011b mozku \u017eij\u00ed jej\u00ed synov\u00e9 a dcery<\/i> , \u010cosun Ilbo, 10. \u0159\u00edjna 2012<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"D\u011bti n\u011bkdy \u017eertem \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed: \u201eMysl\u00edm, \u017ee moje m\u00e1ma je bohyn\u011b. I kdy\u017e jsem to ud\u011blal tajn\u011b, n\u011bjak v\u00ed, \u017ee jsem to byl j\u00e1.\u201c \u201eNejen\u017ee v\u00ed, kdy jsem radostn\u00fd a \u0161\u0165astn\u00fd, ale tak\u00e9 v\u00ed, kdy jsem nemocn\u00fd, osam\u011bl\u00fd a smutn\u00fd. Je to, jako by m\u011b znala v\u00edc, ne\u017e j\u00e1 s\u00e1m sebe.\u201c To nen\u00ed v\u0161echno. Dokonce br\u00e1n\u00ed…","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":9801,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[234,249],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9800","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-god-the-mother","category-proof-of-everything"],"yoast_head":"\n\u201eByl jsem v m\u00e9 m\u00e1m\u011b\u201c - B\u016fh Matka<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/jerusalemmother.com\/cs\/science-maternity\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u201eByl jsem v m\u00e9 m\u00e1m\u011b\u201c - B\u016fh Matka\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"D\u011bti n\u011bkdy \u017eertem \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed: \u201eMysl\u00edm, \u017ee moje m\u00e1ma je bohyn\u011b. 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